Internal Leg Rotation Study 1993-4
Bellevue Foot and Ankle Center
Bellevue WA

427 Children (ages 6-12) diagnosed as having the Primus Metatarsus Supinatus foot type
39 of the 427 children demonstrated an intoeing gait pattern (>5 degrees internal deviation of the longitudingal axis of the foot relative to the linear line or progression)
Average PMs Value in the 39 Children with Intoeing Gait Pattern: 19.9mm

Prof Rothbart suggests that anterversion (positional compensation in which the foot is internally rotated via the recruitment of the gluteal medius and minimus muscles) is a common adaptation to the Primus Metatarus Supinatus foot structure.  Intoeing prevents the foot from abnormally pronating.